Cultivation, Environment and Health. The session on Cultivation, Environment and Health was chaired by Dr Eddy Y. Zeng (State Key Laboratory of Organic Geochemistry, Guangzhou Institute of Geochemistry, China) and Dr Albert G.J. Tacon (Aquatic Farms Ltd, USA). Seven papers were presented during the session, four papers dealing with food safety aspects related to consumption of wild and cultivated seafood, and three papers dealing with agricultural issues related to integrated nutrient management, and the use of farm chemicals and arsenicals in food production. Dr Eddy Zeng talked about the occurrence of persistent halogenated hydrocarbons in seafood products in China, and an assessment of levels of human exposure through seafood consumption. This was followed by a review paper by the co-Chair Dr Albert Tacon (USA) on aquaculture feed and food safety and the important role of FAO of FAO and Codex Alimentarius. Dr Indah S. Salami ( Institute of Technology, Bandung, Indonesia) presented results of a study in which the accumulation of heavy metals in cage-cultured freshwater fish from the Cirata Reservoir in Indonesia were investigated. Dr Ellen Silbergeld ( John Hopkins University, USA) discussed her study that looked at arsenicals in food animal production, specifically poultry production in the U.S. The study found an increase in arsenic concentrations in groundwater near farmlands treated with poultry waste due to high levels of arsenic in the waste. Dr. Silbergeld concluded that given the magnitude of the poultry industry in the US and elsewhere a closer look must be taken at the wisdom of including arsenicals in animal feed. Dr. R. Raman ( Annamalai University, India) discussed the concept of integrated nutrient management for sustainable agriculture (based largely on his experiences in India). Dr Barbara Montwill (US. Food and Drug Administration, USA) presented data on the prevalence of unsafe drug residues in commercial seafood products and some of the approaches the FDA is taking to ensure seafood safety, and finally Dr Anna Lora-Wainwright (University of Manchester, UK) gave a presentation which looked at farm chemicals - a necessary evil or deadly development (based on her experiences in China).